kernel/tools/vm/slabinfo.c, branch linux-4.16.y

tools: slabinfo: add "-U" option to show unreclaimable slabs only

2017-11-16T02:21:01Z

Patch series "oom: capture unreclaimable slab info in oom message", v10. Recently we ran into a oom issue, kernel panic due to no killable process. The dmesg shows huge unreclaimable slabs used almost 100% memory, but kdump doesn't capture vmcore due to some reason. So, it may sound better to capture unreclaimable slab info in oom message when kernel panic to aid trouble shooting and cover the corner case. Since kernel already panic, so capturing more information sounds worthy and doesn't bother normal oom killer. With the patchset, tools/vm/slabinfo has a new option, "-U", to show unreclaimable slab only. And, oom will print all non zero (num_objs * size != 0) unreclaimable slabs in oom killer message. This patch (of 3): Add "-U" option to show unreclaimable slabs only. "-U" and "-S" together can tell us what unreclaimable slabs use the most memory to help debug huge unreclaimable slabs issue. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507152550-46205-2-git-send-email-yang.s@alibaba-inc.com Signed-off-by: Yang Shi Acked-by: Christoph Lameter Acked-by: David Rientjes Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Michal Hocko Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tools/vm/slabinfo: fix an unintentional printf

2016-07-23T01:25:54Z

The curly braces are missing here so we print stuff unintentionally. Fixes: 9da4714a2d44 ('slub: slabinfo update for cmpxchg handling') Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160715211243.GE19522@mwanda Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter Acked-by: Christoph Lameter Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Colin Ian King Cc: Laura Abbott Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: fix spelling mistake: "Ocurrences" -> "Occurrences"

2016-06-25T00:23:52Z

trivial fix to spelling mistake Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466672144-831-1-git-send-email-colin.king@canonical.com Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King Acked-by: Christoph Lameter Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

slub: convert SLAB_DEBUG_FREE to SLAB_CONSISTENCY_CHECKS

2016-03-15T23:55:16Z

SLAB_DEBUG_FREE allows expensive consistency checks at free to be turned on or off. Expand its use to be able to turn off all consistency checks. This gives a nice speed up if you only want features such as poisoning or tracing. Credit to Mathias Krause for the original work which inspired this series Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott Acked-by: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Mathias Krause Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: cosmetic globals cleanup

2015-11-06T03:34:48Z

checkpatch.pl complains about globals being explicitly zeroed out: "ERROR: do not initialise globals to 0 or NULL". New globals, introduced in this patch set, have no explicit 0 initialization; clean up the old ones to make it less hairy. Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: output sizes in bytes

2015-11-06T03:34:48Z

Introduce "-B|--Bytes" opt to disable store_size() dynamic size scaling and report size in bytes instead. This `expands' the interface a bit, it's impossible to use printf("%6s") anymore to output sizes. Example: slabinfo -X -N 2 Slabcache Totals ---------------- Slabcaches : 91 Aliases : 119->69 Active: 63 Memory used: 199798784 # Loss : 10689376 MRatio: 5% # Objects : 324301 # PartObj: 18151 ORatio: 5% Per Cache Average Min Max Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- #Objects 5147 1 89068 324301 #Slabs 199 1 3886 12537 #PartSlab 12 0 240 778 %PartSlab 32% 0% 100% 6% PartObjs 5 0 4569 18151 % PartObj 26% 0% 100% 5% Memory 3171409 8192 127336448 199798784 Used 3001736 160 121429728 189109408 Loss 169672 0 5906720 10689376 Per Object Average Min Max ----------------------------------------------------------- Memory 585 8 8192 User 583 8 8192 Loss 2 0 64 Slabs sorted by size -------------------- Name Objects Objsize Space Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg ext4_inode_cache 69948 1736 127336448 3871/0/15 18 3 0 95 a dentry 89068 288 26058752 3164/0/17 28 1 0 98 a Slabs sorted by loss -------------------- Name Objects Objsize Loss Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg ext4_inode_cache 69948 1736 5906720 3871/0/15 18 3 0 95 a inode_cache 11628 864 537472 642/0/4 18 2 0 94 a Besides, store_size() does not use powers of two for G/M/K if (value > 1000000000UL) { divisor = 100000000UL; trailer = 'G'; } else if (value > 1000000UL) { divisor = 100000UL; trailer = 'M'; } else if (value > 1000UL) { divisor = 100; trailer = 'K'; } Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: introduce extended totals mode

2015-11-06T03:34:48Z

Add "-X|--Xtotals" opt to output extended totals summary, which includes: -- totals summary -- slabs sorted by size -- slabs sorted by loss (waste) Example: ======= slabinfo --X -N 1 Slabcache Totals ---------------- Slabcaches : 91 Aliases : 120->69 Active: 65 Memory used: 568.3M # Loss : 30.4M MRatio: 5% # Objects : 920.1K # PartObj: 161.2K ORatio: 17% Per Cache Average Min Max Total --------------------------------------------------------- #Objects 14.1K 1 227.8K 920.1K #Slabs 533 1 11.7K 34.7K #PartSlab 86 0 4.3K 5.6K %PartSlab 24% 0% 100% 16% PartObjs 17 0 129.3K 161.2K % PartObj 17% 0% 100% 17% Memory 8.7M 8.1K 384.7M 568.3M Used 8.2M 160 366.5M 537.9M Loss 468.8K 0 18.2M 30.4M Per Object Average Min Max --------------------------------------------- Memory 587 8 8.1K User 584 8 8.1K Loss 2 0 64 Slabs sorted by size ---------------------- Name Objects Objsize Space Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg ext4_inode_cache 211142 1736 384.7M 11732/40/10 18 3 0 95 a Slabs sorted by loss ---------------------- Name Objects Objsize Loss Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg ext4_inode_cache 211142 1736 18.2M 11732/40/10 18 3 0 95 a Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: fix alternate opts names

2015-11-06T03:34:48Z

Fix mismatches between usage() output and real opts[] options. Add missing alternative opt names, e.g., '-S' had no '--Size' opts[] entry, etc. Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

tools/vm/slabinfo: sort slabs by loss

2015-11-06T03:34:48Z

Introduce opt "-L|--sort-loss" to sort and output slabs by loss (waste) in slabcache(). Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds