kernel/lib/vsprintf.c, branch linux-5.14.y

module: add printk formats to add module build ID to stacktraces

2021-07-08T18:48:22Z

Let's make kernel stacktraces easier to identify by including the build ID[1] of a module if the stacktrace is printing a symbol from a module. This makes it simpler for developers to locate a kernel module's full debuginfo for a particular stacktrace. Combined with scripts/decode_stracktrace.sh, a developer can download the matching debuginfo from a debuginfod[2] server and find the exact file and line number for the functions plus offsets in a stacktrace that match the module. This is especially useful for pstore crash debugging where the kernel crashes are recorded in something like console-ramoops and the recovery kernel/modules are different or the debuginfo doesn't exist on the device due to space concerns (the debuginfo can be too large for space limited devices). Originally, I put this on the %pS format, but that was quickly rejected given that %pS is used in other places such as ftrace where build IDs aren't meaningful. There was some discussions on the list to put every module build ID into the "Modules linked in:" section of the stacktrace message but that quickly becomes very hard to read once you have more than three or four modules linked in. It also provides too much information when we don't expect each module to be traversed in a stacktrace. Having the build ID for modules that aren't important just makes things messy. Splitting it to multiple lines for each module quickly explodes the number of lines printed in an oops too, possibly wrapping the warning off the console. And finally, trying to stash away each module used in a callstack to provide the ID of each symbol printed is cumbersome and would require changes to each architecture to stash away modules and return their build IDs once unwinding has completed. Instead, we opt for the simpler approach of introducing new printk formats '%pS[R]b' for "pointer symbolic backtrace with module build ID" and '%pBb' for "pointer backtrace with module build ID" and then updating the few places in the architecture layer where the stacktrace is printed to use this new format. Before: Call trace: lkdtm_WARNING+0x28/0x30 [lkdtm] direct_entry+0x16c/0x1b4 [lkdtm] full_proxy_write+0x74/0xa4 vfs_write+0xec/0x2e8 After: Call trace: lkdtm_WARNING+0x28/0x30 [lkdtm 6c2215028606bda50de823490723dc4bc5bf46f9] direct_entry+0x16c/0x1b4 [lkdtm 6c2215028606bda50de823490723dc4bc5bf46f9] full_proxy_write+0x74/0xa4 vfs_write+0xec/0x2e8 [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_MODULES=n, tweak code layout] [rdunlap@infradead.org: fix build when CONFIG_MODULES is not set] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210513171510.20328-1-rdunlap@infradead.org [akpm@linux-foundation.org: make kallsyms_lookup_buildid() static] [cuibixuan@huawei.com: fix build error when CONFIG_SYSFS is disabled] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210525105049.34804-1-cuibixuan@huawei.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210511003845.2429846-6-swboyd@chromium.org Link: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureBuildId [1] Link: https://sourceware.org/elfutils/Debuginfod.html [2] Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd Signed-off-by: Bixuan Cui Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Cc: Jiri Olsa Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Jessica Yu Cc: Evan Green Cc: Hsin-Yi Wang Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Andy Shevchenko Cc: Rasmus Villemoes Cc: Matthew Wilcox Cc: Baoquan He Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Dave Young Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov Cc: Sasha Levin Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vivek Goyal Cc: Will Deacon Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

lib: fix spelling mistakes

2021-07-08T18:48:20Z

Fix some spelling mistakes in comments: permanentely ==> permanently wont ==> won't remaning ==> remaining succed ==> succeed shouldnt ==> shouldn't alpha-numeric ==> alphanumeric storeing ==> storing funtion ==> function documenation ==> documentation Determin ==> Determine intepreted ==> interpreted ammount ==> amount obious ==> obvious interupts ==> interrupts occured ==> occurred asssociated ==> associated taking into acount ==> taking into account squence ==> sequence stil ==> still contiguos ==> contiguous matchs ==> matches Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210607072555.12416-1-thunder.leizhen@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei Reviewed-by: Jacob Keller Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

2021-07-02T19:08:10Z

Merge more updates from Andrew Morton: "190 patches. Subsystems affected by this patch series: mm (hugetlb, userfaultfd, vmscan, kconfig, proc, z3fold, zbud, ras, mempolicy, memblock, migration, thp, nommu, kconfig, madvise, memory-hotplug, zswap, zsmalloc, zram, cleanups, kfence, and hmm), procfs, sysctl, misc, core-kernel, lib, lz4, checkpatch, init, kprobes, nilfs2, hfs, signals, exec, kcov, selftests, compress/decompress, and ipc" * emailed patches from Andrew Morton : (190 commits) ipc/util.c: use binary search for max_idx ipc/sem.c: use READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE() for use_global_lock ipc: use kmalloc for msg_queue and shmid_kernel ipc sem: use kvmalloc for sem_undo allocation lib/decompressors: remove set but not used variabled 'level' selftests/vm/pkeys: exercise x86 XSAVE init state selftests/vm/pkeys: refill shadow register after implicit kernel write selftests/vm/pkeys: handle negative sys_pkey_alloc() return code selftests/vm/pkeys: fix alloc_random_pkey() to make it really, really random kcov: add __no_sanitize_coverage to fix noinstr for all architectures exec: remove checks in __register_bimfmt() x86: signal: don't do sas_ss_reset() until we are certain that sigframe won't be abandoned hfsplus: report create_date to kstat.btime hfsplus: remove unnecessary oom message nilfs2: remove redundant continue statement in a while-loop kprobes: remove duplicated strong free_insn_page in x86 and s390 init: print out unknown kernel parameters checkpatch: do not complain about positive return values starting with EPOLL checkpatch: improve the indented label test checkpatch: scripts/spdxcheck.py now requires python3 ...

lib: uninline simple_strtoull()

2021-07-01T18:06:05Z

Gcc inlines simple_strtoull() too agressively. Given that all 4 signatures match, everything very efficiently calls or tailcalls into simple_strtoull(): ffffffff81da0240 : ffffffff81da0240: 80 3f 2d cmp BYTE PTR [rdi],0x2d ffffffff81da0243: 74 05 je ffffffff81da024a ffffffff81da0245: e9 76 ff ff ff jmp simple_strtoull ffffffff81da024a: 48 83 c7 01 add rdi,0x1 ffffffff81da024e: e8 6d ff ff ff call simple_strtoull ffffffff81da0253: 48 f7 d8 neg rax ffffffff81da0256: c3 ret Space savings (on F34-ish .config) add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 1/3 up/down: 52/-313 (-261) Function old new delta vsscanf 2167 2219 +52 simple_strtoul 72 2 -70 simple_strtoll 143 23 -120 simple_strtol 143 20 -123 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YMO2zoOQk2eF34tn@localhost.localdomain Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

2021-06-30T00:29:11Z

Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton: "191 patches. Subsystems affected by this patch series: kthread, ia64, scripts, ntfs, squashfs, ocfs2, kernel/watchdog, and mm (gup, pagealloc, slab, slub, kmemleak, dax, debug, pagecache, gup, swap, memcg, pagemap, mprotect, bootmem, dma, tracing, vmalloc, kasan, initialization, pagealloc, and memory-failure)" * emailed patches from Andrew Morton : (191 commits) mm,hwpoison: make get_hwpoison_page() call get_any_page() mm,hwpoison: send SIGBUS with error virutal address mm/page_alloc: split pcp->high across all online CPUs for cpuless nodes mm/page_alloc: allow high-order pages to be stored on the per-cpu lists mm: replace CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP with CONFIG_FLATMEM mm: replace CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES with CONFIG_NUMA docs: remove description of DISCONTIGMEM arch, mm: remove stale mentions of DISCONIGMEM mm: remove CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM m68k: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM arc: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM arc: update comment about HIGHMEM implementation alpha: remove DISCONTIGMEM and NUMA mm/page_alloc: move free_the_page mm/page_alloc: fix counting of managed_pages mm/page_alloc: improve memmap_pages dbg msg mm: drop SECTION_SHIFT in code comments mm/page_alloc: introduce vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction mm/page_alloc: limit the number of pages on PCP lists when reclaim is active mm/page_alloc: scale the number of pages that are batch freed ...

Merge tag 'printk-for-5.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/printk/linux

2021-06-29T19:07:18Z

Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek: - Add %pt[RT]s modifier to vsprintf(). It overrides ISO 8601 separator by using ' ' (space). It produces "YYYY-mm-dd HH:MM:SS" instead of "YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS". - Correctly parse long row of numbers by sscanf() when using the field width. Add extensive sscanf() selftest. - Generalize re-entrant CPU lock that has already been used to serialize dump_stack() output. It is part of the ongoing printk rework. It will allow to remove the obsoleted printk_safe buffers and introduce atomic consoles. - Some code clean up and sparse warning fixes. * tag 'printk-for-5.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/printk/linux: printk: fix cpu lock ordering lib/dump_stack: move cpu lock to printk.c printk: Remove trailing semicolon in macros random32: Fix implicit truncation warning in prandom_seed_state() lib: test_scanf: Remove pointless use of type_min() with unsigned types selftests: lib: Add wrapper script for test_scanf lib: test_scanf: Add tests for sscanf number conversion lib: vsprintf: Fix handling of number field widths in vsscanf lib: vsprintf: scanf: Negative number must have field width > 1 usb: host: xhci-tegra: Switch to use %ptTs nilfs2: Switch to use %ptTs kdb: Switch to use %ptTs lib/vsprintf: Allow to override ISO 8601 date and time separator

slub: force on no_hash_pointers when slub_debug is enabled

2021-06-29T17:53:47Z

Obscuring the pointers that slub shows when debugging makes for some confusing slub debug messages: Padding overwritten. 0x0000000079f0674a-0x000000000d4dce17 Those addresses are hashed for kernel security reasons. If we're trying to be secure with slub_debug on the commandline we have some big problems given that we dump whole chunks of kernel memory to the kernel logs. Let's force on the no_hash_pointers commandline flag when slub_debug is on the commandline. This makes slub debug messages more meaningful and if by chance a kernel address is in some slub debug object dump we will have a better chance of figuring out what went wrong. Note that we don't use %px in the slub code because we want to reduce the number of places that %px is used in the kernel. This also nicely prints a big fat warning at kernel boot if slub_debug is on the commandline so that we know that this kernel shouldn't be used on production systems. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG=n] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210601182202.3011020-5-swboyd@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka Acked-by: Petr Mladek Cc: Joe Perches Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Muchun Song Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'for-5.14-vsprintf-scanf' into for-linus

2021-06-29T07:51:58Z

lib: vsprintf: Fix handling of number field widths in vsscanf

2021-05-19T13:05:11Z

The existing code attempted to handle numbers by doing a strto[u]l(), ignoring the field width, and then repeatedly dividing to extract the field out of the full converted value. If the string contains a run of valid digits longer than will fit in a long or long long, this would overflow and no amount of dividing can recover the correct value. This patch fixes vsscanf() to obey number field widths when parsing the number. A new _parse_integer_limit() is added that takes a limit for the number of characters to parse. The number field conversion in vsscanf is changed to use this new function. If a number starts with a radix prefix, the field width must be long enough for at last one digit after the prefix. If not, it will be handled like this: sscanf("0x4", "%1i", &i): i=0, scanning continues with the 'x' sscanf("0x4", "%2i", &i): i=0, scanning continues with the '4' This is consistent with the observed behaviour of userland sscanf. Note that this patch does NOT fix the problem of a single field value overflowing the target type. So for example: sscanf("123456789abcdef", "%x", &i); Will not produce the correct result because the value obviously overflows INT_MAX. But sscanf will report a successful conversion. Note that where a very large number is used to mean "unlimited", the value INT_MAX is used for consistency with the behaviour of vsnprintf(). Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210514161206.30821-2-rf@opensource.cirrus.com

lib: vsprintf: scanf: Negative number must have field width > 1

2021-05-19T13:05:11Z

If a signed number field starts with a '-' the field width must be > 1, or unlimited, to allow at least one digit after the '-'. This patch adds a check for this. If a signed field starts with '-' and field_width == 1 the scanf will quit. It is ok for a signed number field to have a field width of 1 if it starts with a digit. In that case the single digit can be converted. Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210514161206.30821-1-rf@opensource.cirrus.com